A Short Guide to Gender Inclusiveness in Italian Translations
本文最初发表于 Mirta Boschetti Traduzioni. 经许可转载.
Do you wish for your Italian translations to be up-to-date and without fault when it comes to 性别包容?
你可能已经知道了, nowadays one of the most discussed issues in communication – and therefore translation – is the use of 性别包容性语言.
But while marketing content creators are every time more sensitive to the issue, gender neutrality is not always adopted for other types of texts, 比如技术手册, 教学指导, and the like. The issue, however, should be addressed in the translation process of such materials as well, especially when the target language presents different characteristics from the source language.
在本文中, I intend to guide you through some of the most common pitfalls that I encounter in English to Italian translations that do not take into consideration 性别包容, as well as what I believe to be the best practices to deliver gender-inclusive Italian translations.
让永利登录网址看一些例子.
1. 欢迎来到永利登录网址的课程!
❌ Benvenuto al corso!
✅ 这对所有人都是有益的.
The first sentence uses the masculine adjective “benvenuto”. This could be avoided by using “benvenuto” as a noun, which allows you to address a wider audience. It is also possible to use more recent and less recognised forms, such as “benvenut*” or “benvenutə“, 但是如果你不喜欢他们, you can easily avoid them by resorting to the solution illustrated above.
Still, you should know that the gender-neutral translation in the example sounds less informal (there is a slight shift in the tone of voice), and that the use of * and ə is more and more frequent in Italian social media posts, 博客文章, 和通讯. These forms, however, may encounter some problems when read out loud with electronic devices, as they don’t have an established pronunciation in Italian. The choice of which one to adopt will depend on a number of factors, including the type of content and the purpose of the text, as well as the brand’s tone of voice.
2. 员工、医生、读者、客户等.
❌ 我是独立的,我是医生,我是信件,我是客户,等等.
✅ Il personale, il personale medico, chi legge/chi ci legge, la clientela, ecc.
In Italy, we have been using the overextended masculine for a long time, and it is exactly what happens in the first translation: these are all masculine plural forms. 另一方面, the options given in the second translation are neutral: “personale” is a collective noun (meaning “staff/personnel”) and “chi” means “those who”.
It only takes a few minutes to rethink and transform the most direct translations to make them gender-inclusive,这样就不会有人因为你的短信而感到被排斥或受到伤害.
其他解决方案包括 重复名词的阳性和阴性形式 (“i letter ori e le lettrici”,“i clienti e le clienti”)或 使用斜杠分隔选项 (“i/le clienti sono pregati/e di avviarsi verso l’uscita”). 这些解决方案在市场营销文本中可能不那么优雅, but function quite well in more technical and formal documents.
3. 您对所购商品满意吗?
❌ 她对两个收购者感到失望?
✅ 我将收购两家公司? /我对两个收购者表示赞赏? / Ripensamenti? / Ci hai ripensato? / Abbiamo sodfatto le true aspeative?
在第一个意大利语译本中, 问题是“soddisfatto”。, which is masculine (you would say “soddisfatta” to a woman). All the other options are possible ways to address a client whose identity is unknown: some of them remain closer to the original and some depart from it. 在这种情况下, 选择时应考虑到环境这个句子出现在哪里? 是在电子商务的反馈部分吗? Is the customer thinking about returning the item purchased?
如你所见, 有许多可能性和解决方案, and it is a translator’s job to find the most appropriate one for your needs. 为了能够这样做, however, translators and their clients should both be aware of what is expected from them in terms of 性别包容.
Here are some suggestions about how to ensure things run smoothly when working on a gender-inclusive Italian translation.
1 .优秀简报的力量
第一次接触后, it is paramount that the translator receives all the information needed in order to do the best job possible. 这种信息交换通常发生在 简介会, which allows the translator to know better the client’s company, 品牌标识, 沟通方式, 和期望.
在这个阶段, the translator should ask the client if they have any preferences regarding how to deal with gender inclusivity issues.
#2 Training
All translators should master their mother tongue, but language and writing need to be trained!
Translators undergo extensive training before and throughout their career, 还有一个跟着的翻译 包容性语言的特殊培训 is more likely to spot gender-inclusive issues in your text and deal with them in the best way possible during the translation process.
# 3的一致性
This is important for both the original document and the translation. 源文本应该 在语言选择上保持一致,便于翻译成另一种语言. However, the language professional in charge of the translation should also be very careful and adopt solutions which are consistent (for example, 通篇*或*)的使用.
There is much more to say about 性别包容性语言 and its use in Italian translations, but I hope this short overview has encouraged you to take action, as well as given you a few tips to ensure your translations always look their best.
作者简介
Mirta Boschetti is a freelance English/French to Italian marketing translator and subtitler. 她的专业领域包括奢侈品和服务, cosmetics, tourism, leisure, 文化产业. 了解更多关于她的工作和翻译日常 Instagram and LinkedIn.
请留下评论